考试介绍 | TOEFL junior考试介绍

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考试简介

TOEFL Junior考试是美国教育考试服务中心(ETS)“托福”家族成员,是一项面向英语为非母语国家的11-15岁(中国大陆地区报考年龄上限为17岁,下不设限) 中学生的语言测评考试。作为一项国际性标准化英语能力测试,TOEFL Junior考试不仅可以作为语言成绩帮助考生申请美国的中学,其精细的测评维度还可以成为进一步学习的指南。

TOEFL Junior考试于2010年首先在韩国、巴西、越南三个国家推出,目前引入TOEFL Junior考试的国家和地区已达50多个,TOEFL Junior考试于2011年9月正式登陆中国。

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成绩报告单及答题卡

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具体考试内容介绍

TOEFL Junior目前是采用纸笔考试形式,共分为三大部分:听力;语言形式和含义;阅读理解。每部分包含42道选择题,共126道题目。考试时长为110分钟,考试分数为600—900分。

和其他考试不同的是,TOEFL Junior考试不仅仅提供英语能力测评,还可以提供更加精确的英语语言能力解读,从而实现英语学习方面的指导价值。

TOEFL Junior考试的成绩报告(Score Report)可以和三个权威的国际语言测评工具相对接,分别是欧洲共同语言框架体系(CEFR)、蓝思阅读分级(Lexile)以及美国中学生英语水平(US Grade)相对接。也就是说考生借助该成绩报告,考生可以从听力、口语、语法、阅读等各个方面准确解读自己语言学习的程度,还可以找到最适合自己当前水平的阅读材料,更重要的是还能进一步估算出自己的英语水平在美国同龄或同年级学生当中所处的百分位。这对于家长送孩子出国读书的决策无疑具有非常高的参考价值。

下图为TOEFL Junior考试内容构成:

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TOEFL®Junior™ 初中托福考试总分对应各级别能力说明

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TOEFL®Junior™ 初中托福考试内容

该考试主要由三大部分组成:听力、语言形式和含义、阅读,每部分均42道选择题; 听力40分钟(含测音例题),语言形式和含义25分钟,阅读50分钟,共115分钟。

1、听力

初中托福测试了学生在以英语为媒介的环境中的英语听力水平,包括三种能力:

1) 基本的与人交流的能力。学生必须能理解日常发生在学校的一些熟悉的话题,包括相关话题的大意和重要细节。根据已有或即使没有明确说出的信息做出推理的能力,以及理解说话者意图的能力,并且能明确根据口语的语调和重音分配等解读信息的能力。

2) 以指导为目的的能力。学生必须理解老师和其他学校工作人员为一系列非学术性目的所使用的语言:包括课内和课外的用语(例如:外出调研,学校图书馆和礼堂)以及演讲用语(例如:通知,提示,邀请,警告等)。在听此类口语时,学生必须理解信息的目的,根据说话者已有但是没有明确说出的信息做出推理。

3) 以学术为目的的能力。学生需要理解学术材料里出现的演讲或者讨论内容的大意。这些演讲以正式形式呈现并且展现出独特的口语特色。(例如,相对复杂的动词形式,相对较少的名词化结构,偶尔的停顿和不娴熟。)在听学术材料的演讲时,学生必须能够理解大意和重要细节,必须能根据已有和暗示的信息进行推断,必须能认清演讲者的目的,并且认清演讲者演讲中的修辞手段等(例如,比较和对比,原因和结果等)。

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听力技巧汇总

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2、语言形式和含义

语言形式和含义:在以英语语言为媒介的环境中发展英语的能力时,交流能力(例如听和读)是最基本和最重要的。然而,对于国际学生来说,像语法和词汇这种能力也十分重要。这些技能提升并不只在于学好他们本身的重要性,更在于它们能帮助提升我们的交流能力。在发展这些技能时,重要的是学生不应该只关注形式,更应该把英语的形式作为一项创造各式各样文本的工具。学生应该能够识别语法要素和正确的词条,即那些用一系列不同句法和文本表达合适含义的语法和词条(例如,基于语法和更广泛的讨论)。他们需要认识这些以学校为背景的一系列文本的形式和内容(例如,信息,小册子,广告,学生作文等)。

考核点汇总

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3、阅读理解

阅读理解:初中托福考试评估了在英语媒介的环境中学生的阅读理解能力,包括两项基本阅读形式:

1) 阅读和理解学术文章的能力。学生需要阅读和理解一系列跨越各个学科领域(例如,艺术,人文,科学和社会科学)的体裁的学术文章(例如,说明文,传记,议论文,散文)。他们还需要阅读不同难度水平的文本,尤其是那些在英语环境课堂上使用的。在读这些文本时,学生要通过理解大意和主要的论据信息来做出推断,并且理解核心词汇(不管来自于以前的知识还是文本)以及文本内部的紧密联系(例如,句子之间暗示性的联系)。

依赖于具体的段落的性质,学生必须了解作者的目的,理清逻辑并看懂修辞结构,文章进程和指示,识别并理解比喻性语言。与听力相比,阅读文章不应要求太多具体的背景信息,但是有时要求学生去阅读以便于从上下文中掌握新的学术信息。

2) 阅读并理解非学术性文章的能力。尽管学术性文章已经成为英语语言方面的主要挑战,但学生也必须能够阅读非学术性文章。包括通信方面的(例如, 电邮和信件),日志,学生著作以及一些更短的文章(例如,小册子,广告,时间计划等). 在读非学术性文章时,学生必须能够解释同上文学术性文章同等类型的细节,也要明白非学术文章的一些显著特征(例如,一些习语的频繁使用)。

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考核点汇总

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不同的问题形式总结

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4.词汇

学完小托福,就可以超前掌握中考、甚至高考的英语词汇;其中也包含了基础的托福词汇

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TOEFL junior与测评工具

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与蓝思阅读分级对应

Lexile(蓝思阅读测评体系)是美国Metametircs教育公司受美国国家卫生研究院(National Institute of Health)资助为了提高美国学生的阅读能力而研究出一种衡量学生阅读水平和标识文章难易程度的标准Lexile(蓝思阅读测评体系)是美国Metametircs教育公司受美国国家卫生研究院(National Institute of Health)资助为了提高美国学生的阅读能力而研究出一种衡量学生阅读水平和标识文章难易程度的标准。。Lexile指数分为个人读书能力指数Lexile Reader Measure和各种书的难易度指数Lexile Text Measure。两种指数的范围都是最低200L、最高1700L。

在初中托福考试成绩报考中,考生可以得到本人的读书能力指数Lexile Reader Measure,通过该指数可以使用美国Metamatrix公司耗费20年整理出的5万册以上的Lexile Text Measure的各种图书目录。由于可以进行这种分水准的学习,所以Lexile指数是美国教师认证的阅读能力标准中最有公信力的指数。并且广泛地活用于美国的学历评价考试和教学过程中。

得到1000L指数的考生在阅读同等1000L的图书的时候,能够理解全部内容的75%以上。孩子如果可以读懂一本英文图书的75%以上,对于提高孩子的阅读能力、增加学习兴趣感有显著效果。但并不是一定要阅读与本人的Lexile指数相同等级的图书,在本人指数基础上-100L到+50L的范围内,都是适合阅读的。以下是Lexile指数根据阅读能力的年级水平信息表。

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与美国中学生英语水平对比

本调查由美国教育考试服务中心(ETS)开展,以就读于美国公立学校6、7、8三个年级的本土学生、非本土学生为调查对象,考察其英语能力与TOEFL Junior考生的对照(Grade Levels in the United States)。

在国内参加TOEFL Junior考试的学生,参照这个成绩对照表,便可知道自己的英语水平相当于美国同年级学生英语水平的何种程度。同时,该成绩对照表也提供了与TOEFL Junior考试总分相对应的美国各个年级英语TOEFL Junior换算百分比,这将更有助于学生了解自己的英语水平。如上文所述,本调查并不是以美国全境学生为调查对象,而是采取样本调查方式,以美国7个洲(加利福尼亚、新泽西、德克萨斯、佛吉尼亚、格鲁吉亚、堪萨斯、新罕布什尔)的公立中学里的本土学生、非本土学生为调查对象。

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与欧洲语言框架等级对应

CEFR(欧洲语言共同框架),是一种在欧洲及其他国家用于描述外语学习者进步程度的标准体系。现在欧盟的27个成员国中,已经将此标准广泛应用到语言讲座、授课计划、教育课程、测评考试、资格获取中。CEFR从低到高分为6个等级(A1,A2,B1,B2,C1,C2)。

TOEFL Junior考试中各个单项的得分对应着从A2到B2的3个等级。

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小托福样题分享-听力

       Listen to a teacher or school staff member talking to students. Then answer the question.

  Sample Item A

  1. What is the subject of the announcement?

  1. The school will be adding new classes.

  2. Three new teachers will be working at the school.

  3. Some students have received an award.

  4. The school is getting its own newspaper.

  Sample Item B

  2. What does the teacher want the students to do?

  1. Take everything out of their desks

  2. Put the painting supplies in plastic bags

  3. Bring paints with them to school on Monday

  4. Put covers on their desks to keep the paint off

  Now you will hear a longer conversation and a teacher talking to a class. Each is followed by four questions.

  Sample Set A

  Conversation

  Questions

  3. What are the speakers mainly discussing?

  1. A new art project in the city

  2. An assignment for their art class

  3. An art display inside the public library

  4. A painting that the girl saw downtown

  4. Why is the boy excited?

  1. A famous artist is going to visit his class.

  2. His artwork might be seen by many people.

  3. His class might visit an art museum.

  4. He is getting a good grade in his art class.

  5. Where does the boy say he may go this weekend?

  1. To the zoo

  2. To an art store

  3. To Main Street

  4. To the public library

  6. Why does the girl suggest that the boy go to the art room?

  1. So that he can hand in his homework

  2. So that he can sign up for a class trip

  3. So that he can see a new painting

  4. So that he can talk to the teacher

  Sample Set B

  Teacher Talk

  Questions

  7. What is the main topic of the talk?

  1. A newly discovered type of ant

  2. A type of ant with unusual skills

  3. An increase in the population of one type of ant

  4. A type of ant that could be dangerous to humans

  8. According to the teacher, what is one activity that both leafcutter ants and people do?

  1. Clean their food

  2. Grow their own food

  3. Eat several times a day

  4. Feed their young special food

  9. What does the teacher say many people think must be true about leafcutter ants?

  1. They eat leaves.

  2. They live in plants.

  3. They have sharp teeth.

  4. They are especially large.

  10. What did the experiments show about leafcutter ants?

  1. How fast they grow

  2. Which plants they eat

  3. Where they look for leaves

  4. How much weight they can carry

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小托福样题分享-语言形式与含义

Questions 1–4 refer to the following email.

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Questions 5–12 refer to the following magazine article.

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小托福样题分享--阅读理解

  • Questions 1–4 are about the following announcement.

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      1. What time will the festival begin?

      A. 10 A.M.

      B. 11 A.M.

      C. 1 P.M.

      D. 2 P.M.

      2. In line 2, the word feature is closest in meaning to _______.

      A. look

      B. keep

      C. include

      D. entertain

      3. What job will be done the day before the festival begins?

      A. Making posters

      B. Setting up the gym

      C. Cleaning up the gym

      D. Helping the performers

      4. Who is told to talk to Ms. Braxton?

      A. Parents

      B. Students

      C. Teachers

      D. Performers

      Questions 5–11 refer to the following story.

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      5. What would be the best title for the story?

      A. Joe Joins the Team

      B. Practice Makes Perfect

      C. Bill Wins the Big Game

      D. Bill's Basketball Problem

      6. In line 6, the word performed is closest in meaning to _______.

      A. acted

      B. played

      C. moved

      D. changed

      7. Why is Bill upset?

      A. He plays better in practice than he does during games.

      B. The school yard is not a good place to practice.

      C. Joe watches him too closely when he plays.

      D. His team loses too many games.

      8. Why does Bill play well when Joe is watching him?

      A. He is comfortable with Joe.

      B. Joe tells him how to play better.

      C. He does not know that Joe is there.

      D. He wants to prove to Joe that he is a good player.

      9. Why does Joe decide to gather a group of people?

      A. Because he wants more players for his team

      B. Because he wants to help Bill feel less nervous

      C. Because he wants to show them his talent

      D. Because he wants more people to see the next game

      10. At the end of the story, all of the following people watch Bill practice EXCEPT _____.

      A. Joe

      B. a janitor

      C. a math teacher

      D. the basketball coach

      11. Why does the group have to be quiet when they go to the basketball court?

      A. Because Joe is telling Bill what to do

      B. Because they do not want Bill to know they were there

      C. Because Bill likes to practice alone

      D. Because the group needs to listen to Joe’s instructions

      Questions 12–20 are about the following passage.

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      12. Which title best summarizes the main idea of the passage?

      A. Wild Animals in Art

      B. Hidden Prehistoric Paintings

      C. Exploring Caves Respectfully

      D. Determining the Age of French Caves

      13. In line 3, the words pays heed to are closest in meaning to ______.

      A. discovers

      B. watches

      C. notices

      D. buys

      14. Based on the passage, what is probably true about the south of France?

      A. It is home to rare animals.

      B. It has a large number of caves.

      C. It is known for horse-racing events.

      D. It has attracted many famous artists.

      15. According to the passage, which animals appear most often on the cave walls?

      A. Birds

      B. Bison

      C. Horses

      D. Wild cats

      16. In line 8, the word depict is closest in meaning to _______.

      A. show

      B. hunt

      C. count

      D. draw

      17. Why was painting inside the Lascaux complex a difficult task?

      A. It was completely dark inside.

      B. The caves were full of wild animals.

      C. Painting materials were hard to find.

      D. Many painting spaces were difficult to reach.

      18. In line 12, the word They refers to _______.

      A. walls

      B. artists

      C. animals

      D. materials

      19. According to the passage, all of the following have caused damage to the paintings

      EXCEPT _______ .

      A. temperature changes

      B. air movement

      C. water

      D. light

      20. What does the passage say happened at the Lascaux caves in 1963?

      A. Visitors were prohibited from entering.

      B. A new lighting system was installed.

      C. Another part was discovered.

      D. A new entrance was created.



发布于 2024-04-26 16:36

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