Say

I say – He/She/It says – We/They say

I will say – I am saying – I said – I have said

 

say来进行直接引用或间接引用。直接引用是指通过引号（“”）来直接准确地表达某人所说的话。间接引用指的是转述某人所说的话的大概意思。

 

直接引用：

He said “Hello.”

She said “It is a nice day.”

 

间接引用：

I said it was good.

They said they wouldn’t do it again.

Say的后面不可以直接使用宾语，需要再宾语前加to：

I said him hello.

I said hello to him.

Tell

I tell – She/He/It tells – They/We tellI will tell 

I am telling – I told – I have told

 

1. Tell后面直接使用宾语：

Can you tell me?

You should never tell a lie.

The boy told us he didn’t want any money.

2. Tell somebody to do something，用来发出指令：

I told you to clean your room.

He told her not togo.

 

Speak

I speak –She/He/It speaks –They/We speak

I will speak –I am speaking –I spoke –I have spoken

 

Speak用来表示一般的谈话（不含谈话细节），通常用于比较正式的表达，speak后面可以加宾语也可以不加宾语：

I want to speak.

Can I speak to you?

 

Speak也用来表达语言能力：

I speak English well.

Do you speak Japanese?

Talk

I talk –She/He/It talks –They/We talk

I will talk –I am talking –I talked –I have talked

 

Talk和speak没有太明显的区别，只不过和speak相比，talk不那么正式。

I’d like to talk with you.

Shall we talk to them?

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