美国数学大联盟(Math League)易错题(2)
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逐步分享积累易错题目。如您有类似错题,欢迎发信息共同探讨~~1. When I split the cost of a video game equallywith 4 friends, we each pay $12. How much more do each of us pay if I split thecost equally with only 3 friends?A. $3.00 B. $4.00 C. $15.00 D. $16.00【解析】需要注意两点,一是人数总和需要加上自身;二是howmuch more 中more,求的是四个人分比五个人分每个人多负担多少钱。因此,本题应为12×5¸4-12=32. At 5:00 P.M. ona Friday, Hal got locked in the vault. He was in there for 5040 minutes beforeit opened. On what day did it open?A. Sunday B. Monday C. Tuesday D. Wednesday【解析】本题难点在于起始时间为下午五点,需要计算整天剩余小时加上起始日的时间是否构成新的一天。5040¸60=84小时 84-24×3=12小时。相当于过了84个小时后是星期几,下午五点再过12小时为第二天的早上5点,因此,为Tuesday。3. The sum of 7consecutive integers is 63, the sum of the largest and the smallest of the 7integers is ( ).【解析】本题难题在于读懂题目。Consecutive integers为连续的正数。两种解题方法,一是1+2+3+4+5+6=21,(63-21)¸7=6, 6+12=18;二是设最小的为x,最大的为x+6,(x+x+6)×7¸2=63,解方程x=6, x+x+6=184. If twoconsecutive whole numbers have a different number of digits, then their productmust be a multiple of【解析】本题需要理解number与digit的区别,number指某个数字,digit指数位,如123是个number,其ones digit是3,tensdigit是2, hundreds digit是1. 本题含义是指两个连续的非零正数位数不同,在这种情况下,可以是9、10;99、100;999、1000等组合。因此选C。5. Lex buys 6same-priced books and pays with a $50 bill. The change Lex receives is twicethe price of a book. Each book costs A) $6.25 B) $7.14 C) $8.33 D) $12.506. The number ofheart balloons that Cora has is divisible by three different primes. What isthe least number of heart balloons that Cora can have?【解析】prime指质数,因此最小的为2×3×4=247. If 1/5 of the200 stripes on Frank’s giant shell are blue, 2/5 of the remaining stripes arebrown, and the rest are white, there are ? more white stripes than blue.【解析】蓝色条纹为200×1/5=40 棕色的为(200-200×1/5)×2/5=64(此为难点,棕色是去掉蓝色的剩余条纹的五分之二),白色的为200-40-64=96,因此,选D。8. The sum of thesquares of 2 integers each greater than 0 is 172 = 289. The sum of these 2integers is【解析】需要将289分解成两个数的平方和。两个数均小于17,本题可采取尝试的方法,设一个为16,289减去这个数的平方和,如果差仍为平方数,则正确。经尝试,两个数一个为15,另一个为8,因此选A。9. Bei’s andFay’s ages average 12, and Ray’s and Clyde’s ages average 16. If Bei’s, Fay’s,and Ray’s ages average 11, how old is Clyde?【解析】四个人的年龄总和为12×2+16×2=56, 除Clyde外,其余三人年龄和为33,则Clyde年龄为23。B10. The sum of 5different prime numbers is 200. Each of the 5 prime numbers is less than 100.Four of the 5 prime numbers have the same units digit. What is the median ofthe 5 prime numbers? Answer: ______【解析】5个质数的和为200,则这5个数中给一定包括2,剩余四个数的和为198,因为偶数为质数的只有2。因此,另外四个数的个位数(units digit)相同,因为合为198,个位数相同,4乘以7个位数为8,因此,另外四个质数的个位数为7,结尾为7的质数,依次为7、17、37、47、67、97、107、127,可以为17、37、47、97,因此,五个数为2、17、37、47、97,其中位数(median:如果一组数个数为奇数,则median为中间数,若个数为偶数,则median为中间两个数的 平均数)为37。

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