过去进行时

定义：

过去进行时，是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。

结构：

was/were +doing (现在分词）

用法：

1.过去进行时表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while例如：

We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.

昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。

What was he reading all day last Sunday?

上周日他一整天都在阅读什么？

My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.

我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来，受伤了。

It was raining when they left the station.

他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。

When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.

当我到达山顶的时候，阳光灿烂。

2.过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。如：

What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday?

昨天晚上九点她在做什么？(介词短语表示时间点)

When I saw him he was doing his homework.

当我看见他的时候他正在写作业。(when从句表示时间点)

3.在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例如：

While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.

他边等车边看报。(两个动作都是延续的)

He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行)

过去进行时与一般过去时

都强调过去发生的事，进行时强调过程，不一定完成；过去时强调事件，一定完成。

表示一个动作正在进行时，另一个动作发生了。

例如：He played when I was studying.

过去进行时与一般过去时，两者都表示过去发生的动作，但过去进行时表示在过去某一特定的时间点或时间段正在进行的动作，而一般过去时表示在过去时间完成的动作｡

例如:

I was typing a letter last night.

昨晚我在打一封信｡(可能没打完)

I typed some letters last night.

我昨晚打了一些信｡(已经打完)

具体区别如下：

1.一般过去时往往表示某一动作已经完成，而过去进行时却表示动作在持续或未完成。

She wrote a letter to her friend last night.

她昨晚给朋友写了封信。(信写完了)

She was writing a letter to her friend last night.

她昨晚一直在给朋友写信。(信不一定写完)

2.一般过去时表示只做一次动作，而过去进行时却表示动作反复地进行。

She waved to me.

她朝我挥了挥手。

3.句中有a moment ago之类的短语一般用一般过去时。

4.句中有at this time last Sunday, from 8 to 9 yesterday 之类的状语一般用过去进行时。过去进行时可以用来代替一般过去时，表示更为偶然而非预定的动作：

I was talking to Tom the other day.

那天我跟汤姆聊天来着。

这里的过去进行时给人的印象是这一动作既不特殊，也不引人注目。它同时还倾向于解除主语对于这一动作所负的责任。句中谁先开口说话既不清楚，也无关紧要。要注意它与一般过去时的差异：

注意：进行时态只用于表示显然是连续不断的动作。如果把动作分割开，或者说出其发生的次数，就必须用一般过去时：

I talked to Tom several times.

我跟汤姆谈过几次话。

Tom washed both cars.

汤姆把两辆汽车都洗了。

当然，看来是并行的两个动作可以都用进行时态来表示：

Between one and two I was doing the shopping and walking the dog．

一点到两点之间我在购物和遛狗。

这样用的进行时态通常和某些时间状语如today，last night，in the afternoon连用。这些时间状语可以看做是表示某一时刻，也可以看做是表示某一段时间。如上面例句所示，某一段时间也可以用确切的时间来表示。

如想问起一段时间怎样度过时，用过去进行时态要用比一般过去时显得有礼貌：

What were you doing before you came here？（你来这里之前做什么工作？）要比 What did you do before you came here？听起来有礼貌。

另一方面， What were you doing in my room？（你在我的房间里干什么来着？）可能表示这样一种情感：我认为你没有权利在我的屋子里。但 What did you do in my room？却毫无这种含义。

不用于进行时的动词

感官动词：hear,see,notice,feel,taste……

表示态度感情的动词：like,love,hate……

表心理状态：feel,want,prefer……

表占有：own,have,……

表存在状态和持续：look,owe,be……

when 和while的用法区别

两者的区别如下：

1.when是at or during the time that, 既指时间点，也可指一段时间；

while是during the time that，只指一段时间，因此when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词，也可以是延续性动词，而while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。

2.when 说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时，也可以是先后发生；while 则强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生。

3.由when引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句应用一般过去时；如果从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时的时候，多用while引导，如：

When the teacher came in, we were talking.

当此句改变主从句的位置时，则为：

While we were talking, the teacher came in.

专项练习题

一.用动词的适当形式填空。

1.I_____(have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.

2.Mary_____(go) over her lessons from six to seven last night. John and peter____(do) the same thing.

3.What_____you___(do) at that time?We_____(watch) TV.

4.Was your father at home yesterday evening?Yes,he was. He_____(listen) to the radio.

5.They_____(not make) a model ship when I saw him.

6._____they____(have) a meeting at 4 yesterday afternoon?

No, they _____. They _____ (clean) the classroom.

7.______it_____(rain) when you left school? Yes, it____. (No, it____)

8.What_____your father_____(do) when he was your age?

9.One day, Edison_____(wait) for a train to arrive, and suddenly a little boy ran to the track(轨道) to play.

10.He asked me if I______ (go) fishing that afternoon.

11.The three of them were in a hurry because their plane _____(leave) in five minutes.

12.In a letter, john told us that he_____(come) to china next month.

13.When the bell rang, jenny_____(wait) in her seat.

14.She_____ (make) her dress the whole afternoon.

15.While my father____ (look) through the evening paper, he suddenly____ a cry.

二.选择题。

1.I ______ cooked a meal when you _____ me.

A.cooked, were ringing

B. was cooking, rang

C. was cooking, were ringing

D. cooked, rang

2.He said he_____to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.

A.tries

B.tried

C.was trying

D.will try

3.While she ______ TV, she ______ a sound outside the room.

A.was watching, was hearing

B.watched, was hearing

C.watched, heard

D.was watching, heard

4.They _____ a football game from 7 to 9 last night.

A.were watching

B.watch

C.watched

D.are watching

5.What book ____ you ______ when I ____ you at four yesterday afternoon?

A.did, read, was seeing

B. did, read, saw

C.were, reading, saw

D.were, reading, was seeing

6.It was Friday evening. Mr and Mrs. Green _____ ready to fly to England.

A.are getting

B.get

C.were getting

D.got

7.Lei Feng _____ always _____ of others when he ______ in the army.

A.is, thinking, was

B.was, thinking, is

C.did, think, is

D.was, thinking, was

8.A girl ______ my pen fall off the table when she _____ me.

A.saw, passed

B.was seeing, passed

C.was seeing, passed

D.was seeing, was passing

9.We____for tom at ten last Sunday.He often kept us ______.

A.were waiting, waiting

B.were waiting, wait

C.waited, waiting

D.waited, wait

10.He ____ his father on the farm the whole afternoon last Saturday.

A.helps

B.would help

C.was helping

D.is helping

11.While mother _______ some washing, I _____ a kite for Kate.

A.did, made

B.was doing, made

C.was doing, was making

D.did, was making

12.“_______ you angry then?”“they ______ too much noise.”

A.are, were making

B.were, were making

C.are, made

D.were, made

13.He ____ some cooking at that time, so _____ me

A.did, heard

B.did, didn’t hear

C.was doing, heard

D. was doing, didn’t hear

14.This time yesterday jack _____ his bike. He _____ TV

A.repaired, didn’t watch

B.was repairing, watched

C.repaired, watched

D.was repairing, wasn’t watching

15.His parents wanted to know how he _____ on with his new classmates.

A.was getting

B.gets

C.is getting

D.will get

答案：

一.用动词的适当形式填空

1.was having

2.was going,were doing

3.were doing,were watching

4.was listening

5.were not making

6.Were having were cleaning

7.was raining

8.did do(do)

9.was waiting

10.was going/would go

11.was leaving

12.is coming /will come

13.was waiting

14.was making

15.was looking ,heard

二.选择题

B C D A C,C D A A C,C B D D A

英语现在进行时

（一）基本用法：

（1）表示（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作。

I’m visiting my friends now.

（2）表示现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。

His is learning English this year.

（二） 谓语构成：be (am/ is/ are)＋v-ing （动词的现在分词）

【注意】be要与主语的人称和数保持一致。如：

I’m watching TV now. 我现在正在看电视。

They’re playing football. 他们正在踢足球。

（三）现在分词的构成。

（1）一般情况下在动词词尾+ing。

go→going look→looking

（2）以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e+ing。

have →having write→writing

（3）以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节（辅元辅结构），双写最后一个字母，+ing。

get→getting run→running begin→beginning

(4) 特殊形式 lie-lying die-dying

（四）现在进行时态的肯定式、否定式、疑问式及简略回答。

（1）肯定式：主语+be＋v-ing +其他

He is running. 他正在跑。

The students are cleaning the classroom now .

（2）否定式：主语+be＋not＋v-ing +其他

He is not running.

The students aren’t cleaning the room now.

（3）一般问句：be动词提前。“Be+主语+v-ing+其他？”

肯定答语Yes，主语＋be.

否定答语No，主语＋be not.

Is he running?

Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.

（4）特殊问句式：“疑问词+be ＋主语＋v-ing＋其他？”

a. 对谓语动词进行提问的：What＋be ＋主语＋doing＋其他？

What is the man doing under the tree?

b. 对其他成份进行提问的，疑问词＋一般疑问句？

Where is the boy swimming?

五、 现在进行时与一般现在时的区别

（一）现在进行时表示动作的暂时性，而一般现在时表示动作的习惯性和经常性

I am watching TV now. （暂时性）我现在在看电视。

I watch TV every day. （经常性） 我每天都看电视。

（二）现在进行时可表示短暂性动作，而一般现在时表示长久性动作。

Lucy is living in Beijing.（短时间居住）露西暂时住在北京。

Lucy lives in Beijing. （长久性居住） 露西在北京居住或生活。

（三）有些动词不能用进行时，know, understand, love, like, hate, wish, want, think, hope, have, believe, agree, hear, see, notice。这些动词通常用一般现在时表示说话时发生的动作。

1) 表示“拥有”的动词。如have (has) 等。

例句：I have a nice bike now. (我现在有一辆漂亮的自行车。)

不能说成: I am having a nice bike now.

2) 有些表示感觉的感官动词。如：see, find, look (看起来)，hear (听见)等。

例句：We see him. (我们看见他。)

不能说成：We are seeing him.

但是，有些表示感觉的动词，如：listen to, look at 等可用现在进行时。

如：They are listening to the teacher. (他们在听老师讲课。)

3) 表示“喜欢”“厌恶”的动词。如：like, love, hate (讨厌)等。

例句：We love our country. (我们热爱祖国。)

不可说: We are loving our country.

4) 表示知识或脑力的动词。如：think, know, forget等。

例句：I think you are right. (我认为你是对的。)

不能说成：I am thinking you are right.

5) 表示状态的be动词“是”。

例句：She is at home. (她在家。)

不能说成：She is being at home.

6) 表示“希望”、“愿望”、“心愿”等的动词。如：want 等词。

例句：I want to see her now. (我现在就想见到她。)

不能说成：I am wanting to see her now.

练习题

一、写出下列动词的现在分词形式

work_______ sing_______ play_______study_______

have _______dance ______write______take________

run_________sit_________ shop______swim_______

lie________ die_________begin_______get_______

二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.Look!There _____(be) a lot of people over there. What _______they __________ (do)now?

2. —What __________ your mother __________ (do)? —She isa teacher.

3. It __________ (rain) heavily outsidenow. You must stay at home.

4. Don’t sing. The baby __________(sleep).

5. My brother __________ (not like) playing basketball, but he ______ (like) playing football.

6. —What _________ youusually_________ (do) on Sunday?

—Iusually_________ (stay) at home and _________ (do) my homework.

7.Listen!The girls _________ (sing) in the next room.

8. My sister _________ (want) to be a teacher.

9. It’s seven o’clocknow.The Greens _________ (have) supper.

10. Heoften_________ (swim) on Sundays.Look! He _________ (swim) at the pool.

三、单项选择

1. I want _________ homework now.

A. doing B. to do C. to do my D. do my

2. It’s time _________.

A. go to school B. play games C. to go home D. to do my homeworks

3. The boy is _________ to his teacher.

A. saying B. speaking C. talking D. telling

4. I’m _________ a book in the room.

A. watching B. seeing C. reading D. looking

5. Where _________ he _________ from?

A. is, come B. do, come C. does, come D. is, from

6. Do they have a new car? Yes, _________.

A. they are B. they have C. they don’t D. they do

7. He often _________ supper at 6:00 in the evening.

A. have B. has C. is having D. is eating

8. It’s 6 o’clock in the morning. He _________.

A. get up B. gets up C. is geting up D. is getting up

9. What are you doing? I’m _________ TV.

A. watch B. watches C. to watch D. watching

10. We _________ any Chinese classes on Friday.

A. are having B. aren’t having C. don’t have D. are have

11. Tom _________ an English class now.

A. is having B. has C. having D. have

12. Are you playing basketball? No, we _________.

A. isn’t B. aren’t C. not D. don’t

四、按要求改写句子

1. The boy is playing basketball.

否定句：____________________________

一般疑问句：_________________________

肯定回答：__________________________

否定回答：__________________________

对“The boy”提问：___________________

2.连词成句

1)new， read ，book，a. ________________

2)blackboard， clean 。the .________________

3) she, the window, open, now.

(用现在进行时连词成句.)

____________________

4) The birds are singing in the tree.(就划线部分提问)

________________________

5) is,who,the window, cleaning?(连词成句)

______________________

6) The children are playing games near the house.

(就划线部分提问)

________________________________

7) She is closing the door now.(改成否定句)

______________________

8) You are doing your homework.

(用"I"作主语改写句子)

______________________

9) they, the tree, sing, now, under.

(用现在进行时连词成句.)

_____________________

10) The Young Pioneers are helping the old woman.

(改成一般疑句)

_________________

11) Look! Lily is dancing.（改为一般疑问句）

_____________________________________

12) Kate is looking for her watch.（改为否定句）

_____________________________________

13) Mrs White is watching TV.（划线部分提问）

______________________________________

14) I am doing homework.（改为否定句）

______________________________________

15) They are waiting for you at the library.（就划线部分提问）

_____________________________________

16) They are doing housework .

(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)

___________________________________________

17) The students are cleaning the classroom .

( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)

______________________________________

18) I’mplaying the footballon the playground .

(对划线部分进行提问)

______________________________________

19)Tomis reading books in his study .

(对划线部分进行提问)

_______________________________________

答案

一、

working,singing,playing,studying

having,dancing,writing,taking

running,sitting,shopping,swimming

lying,dying,beginning,getting

1.is are...doing 2.does...do 3.is raining

4.is sleeping 5.don't like likes 6.do...do

7.are singing 8.wants 9.is having 10.swims is swimming

CCCCC DBBDC AB

1.The boy isn't playing basketball.

Is the boy playig basketball?

Yes,he is./No,he isn't.

2.

1)-5)

Read a new book.

Clean the blackborad.

She is opening the window now.

What are the birds doing in the tree?

Who is cleaning the window?

6)-10)

Where are the children playing games?

She isn't closing the door now.

I am doing my homework.

They are singing under the tree.

Are the Young Pioneers helping the old women?

11)-15)

Look! Is Lily dancing?

Kate isn't looking for her watch.

What is Mrs. White doing?

I am not doing my homework.

Where are they waiting for you?

16)-19)

Are they doing housework?

They aren't doing housework.

Are the students cleaning the classroom?

No,they aren't.

What are you doing on the playground?

Who is reading books in his study?

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